Impact of Ethnic and language diversity on relationship conflict in project teams: Evidence from Pakistan

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Volume 7 Issue 1, 2026

Author(s):

Marvi Soomro (Corresponding Author)
The Begum Nusrat Bhutto Women University Sukkur, Sindh, Pakistan
marvi@bnbwu.edu.pk

Parkash Lal
Sheikh Ayaz University Shikarpur, Pakistan
parkash.lal@saus.edu.pk

Raheem Bux Soomro
Shah Abdul Latif University Khairpur , Pakistan
rb.soomro@salu.edu.pk

Shahzad Nasim
The Begum Nusrat Bhutto Women University Sukkur, Sindh, Pakistan
shahzadnasim@live.com

Zaibunnisa Siddiqi
Sukkur IBA University, Pakistan
zaibsd@gmail.com

Abstract The increasing diversity among project teams has increased the importance of how demographics differences influences the project teams and their performance. This study will analyze the impact of ethnic and language diversity on relationship conflict, a culturally and language diverse country. Drawing from social identity theory, the research investigates how language and ethnic differences contributes tension, emotional and misunderstanding among project team members. Relationship conflict, characterized by incompatibility, mistrust and disagreement can negatively impact the project overall outcomes. Using quantitative research design, data are collected from project team members working in various organizations. This study investigates the extent to which ethnic and language diversity impacts the emergence of relationship conflict. This paper further explores how communication barriers, sub-group formation in teams, and other differences may intensify the relationship conflict. This paper contributes to the existing literature of diversity and project teams by offering insights of developing country, where language and ethnic differences are silent. The results of this study assist the project managers and organizational leaders to design effective practices for project teams, promoting effective conflict management strategies and also implementing it. At the same time, minimizing diversity adverse /negative impact. Finally, there is strict need to foster the collaborative project team environment to transform the diversity into innovation.
Keywords Ethnic Diversity, Language Diversity, Relationship Conflict, Cultural Diversity.
Year 2026
Volume 7
Issue 1
Type Research paper, manuscript, article
Recognized by Higher Education Commission of Pakistan, HEC
Category "Y"
Journal Name ILMA Journal of Social Sciences & Economics
Publisher Name ILMA University
Jel Classification -
DOI
ISSN no (E, Electronic) 2790-5896
ISSN no (P, Print) 2709-2232
Country Pakistan
City Karachi
Institution Type University
Journal Type Open Access
Manuscript Processing Blind Peer Reviewed
Format PDF
Paper Link http://ijsse.ilmauniversity.edu.pk/arc/Vol7./pdf/v1/1.pdf