Gender Wage Gap, Working Conditions and Sustainable Development Goals: A Situational analysis of Pakistan
Download| Volume 6 Issue 1, 2025 | |
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| Author(s): |
Iqra Zaheer
Zahid Ullah Khan
Jabbar Ul-Haq (Corresponding Author)
Ahmed Raza Cheema
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| Abstract | The role of women in the nation's development is crucial and has been acknowledged globally. This study examines the working conditions and gender wage disparity in the context of pre- and post-Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adoption, using micro-datasets of Pakistan. We employed event methodology for empirical analysis of working conditions-SGDs nexus and used Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition for gender wage discrimination. The results reveals that working conditions improved for female after adoption of SGDs. Propensity score analysis also confirm the same findings. There is reduction in gender-wage gap after adoption of SGDs. The improvement in working conditions and reduction in gender-wage gap is an evidence that there is rise in women empowerment (measured by improvement in female working conditions and rise in gender-wage parity) in Pakistan as a result of SGDs adoption. Our estimates are robust and are insensitive to sectoral, occupational and provincial heterogeneity. Consequently, the government should implement several policies that facilitate the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aimed at promoting gender equality and empowering women and girls. |
| Keywords | Gender wage gap, Working conditions, Sustainable Development Goals, Women empowerment, Oaxaca-Blinder Decomposition, Event methodology, Propensity score analysis |
| Year | 2025 |
| Volume | 6 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Type | Research paper, manuscript, article |
| Recognized by | Higher Education Commission of Pakistan, HEC | Category | "Y" | Journal Name | ILMA Journal of Social Sciences & Economics | Publisher Name | ILMA University | Jel Classification | - | DOI | ISSN no (E, Electronic) | 2790-5896 | ISSN no (P, Print) | 2709-2232 | Country | Pakistan | City | Karachi | Institution Type | University | Journal Type | Open Access | Manuscript Processing | Blind Peer Reviewed | Format | Paper Link | http://ijsse.ilmauniversity.edu.pk/arc/Vol6./pdf/v1/1.pdf |